Comment traduire «0 25 l en cl - 0 25 l in cl»

Electroneutral cation-Cl

In molecular biology, the electroneutral cation-Cl family of proteins are a family of solute carrier proteins. This family includes the products of the Human genes: SLC12A1, SLC12A1, SLC12A2, SLC12A3, SLC12A4, SLC12A5, SLC12A6, SLC12A7, SLC12A8 and SLC12A9. K-CL co-Transporter KCC mediates the joint movement of K and CL ions through the plasma membrane of animal cells. This transport is involved in the reduction of volume regulation in response to cell swelling in red blood cells, and was suggested to play a role in the movement vector of CL − in the epithelium of the kidneys. The transport process involves one for one movement An To together with CL − and, in all known mammalian cells, the net movement is outward. KSS subtype of neuronal KCC2 in the cell-volume insensitive, and plays a unique role in maintaining low intracellular CL − concentration, which is required in neurons for the functioning of CL − dependent fast synaptic inhibition, mediated by certain neurotransmitters, such as gamma-aminobutyric acid GABA and glycine. Three isoforms of K-CL co Transporter have been described, called KCC1 SLC12A4, SLC12A5 KCC2, and KCC3 SLC12A6, containing 1085, 1116 and 1150 amino acids, respectively. They are predicted to have 12 transmembrane TM regions in a Central hydrophobic domain, together with hydrophilic N - and C-ends, which can the cytoplasm. Comparison of their sequences with those of other ion-transporting membrane proteins shows that they are part of a new superfamily of cation-chloride co-transporters, which includes N-CL and Na-K-2Cl co-transporters. KCC1 and KCC3 are widely expressed in human tissues, while KCC2 is expressed only in the neurons of the brain, making it likely that this isoform responsible for maintaining low CL − concentration in neurons. KCC1 is widely expressed in human tissues, and when heterologously expressed, has functional characteristics of well-studied red blood cell K-CL co-Transporter, including stimulation as swelling and N-ethylmaleimide. Several splice variants were also identified. KCC3 are widely expressed in human tissues and, as KCC1, stimulates as swelling and N-ethylmaleimide. Induction of KCC3 is up-regulated vascular endothelial growth factor and down-regulated by tumor necrosis factor. Defects in KCC3 associated with agenesis of the corpus callosum with peripheral neuropathy. This disease is characterized by severe progressive sensorimotor neuropathy, mental retardation, dysmorphic features and complete or partial agenesis of the corpus callosum.